Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
Human rights are a cornerstone of democratic governance and international relations. UPSC examines India's constitutional provisions for human rights, its international commitments, and contemporary challenges to human rights globally, including those arising from migration policies and international legal frameworks.
Human rights are fundamental rights inherent to all human beings, protected by international and national laws, ensuring dignity and equality. International law, including humanitarian and human rights law, establishes obligations for states regarding the treatment of individuals, particularly vulnerable populations like migrants and asylum seekers.