Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
UPSC asks about the structure, functions, and effectiveness of international organizations, particularly the UN and its role in human rights protection and international accountability (GS2).
The United Nations employs various mechanisms to promote and protect human rights globally, including treaty-based bodies (monitoring compliance with international human rights treaties) and charter-based bodies (like the Human Rights Council and its special procedures, including Commissions of Inquiry). These mechanisms investigate alleged violations, report findings, and make recommendations to states and the international community.