UPSC Notes

Strategic Importance of the Strait of Hormuz

PYQs

4

Articles

1

Momentum

13

Phase IFoundation

Background

Overview

The Strait's strategic location directly impacts global energy security, international trade, and regional stability in West Asia. India, as a major energy importer, is highly dependent on the safe passage through this strait, making its stability a key foreign policy and economic concern.

The Strait of Hormuz is a globally critical narrow sea passage connecting the Persian Gulf to the Arabian Sea, serving as the sole maritime outlet for the vast oil and natural gas reserves of the Gulf states, making it a vital choke point for international energy trade and a flashpoint in regional geopolitics.

Phase IIStatic core

Facts & tables

Key facts

Geographical Location

Connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea.

Global Energy Chokepoint

Approximately one-fifth of the world's total petroleum consumption and a third of the world's liquefied natural gas (LNG) passes through it.

Iran's Strategic Leverage

Iran holds significant strategic leverage over the strait, enabling its 'monetisation' as a powerful negotiating instrument.

Global Economic Impact

Its closure or disruption would have severe global economic consequences, particularly for energy-importing nations.

Reference table

Static syllabus anchors

TypeReference
Conceptual areaGeopolitics & International Conflicts
Conceptual areaPhysical & Regional Geography
Phase IIIExam lens

Prelims angle

Overview

Prelims angle: Statement-based questions

Prelims angle: Factual recall

Quick revision

  • Critical chokepoint for global oil and LNG.
  • Connects Persian Gulf to Arabian Sea.
  • Iran's strategic leverage over the passage.
  • Disruption impacts global energy security and prices.
  • Crucial for India's energy imports and trade.

High-confidence PYQs

Topic timeline

Geopolitics & International ConflictsPhysical & Regional Geography

Related topics

Practice writing on this topic

UPSC has asked 4 linked questions on Strategic Importance of the Strait of Hormuz in Mains. Write an answer to one — and get it evaluated.