UPSC Notes

Ship Recycling Sector & Policy in India

PYQs

8

Articles

1

Momentum

21

Phase IFoundation

Background

Overview

UPSC cares about India's economic sectors, its global standing, environmental regulations, international conventions, and government policy initiatives aimed at improving industry standards and sustainability. This concept covers economic growth, environmental governance, and international commitments.

Ship recycling is the process of dismantling end-of-life vessels to recover valuable materials, contributing to the circular economy and steel production. India has historically been a major global hub for this industry, particularly at Alang, Gujarat, which is one of the largest ship recycling facilities.

Phase IIStatic core

Facts & tables

Key facts

Global Share

India became the world's leading ship recycling nation with 35.4% global share in 2025.

Key Legislation

Recycling of Ships Act, 2019, enacted to regulate the sector.

International Alignment

India ratified the Hong Kong International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships in 2019.

Government Initiatives

Includes financial assistance for yard modernization and the Ship-breaking Credit Note Scheme.

Reference table

Static syllabus anchors

TypeReference
Conceptual areaEnvironmental Law & Policy
Conceptual areaInternational Relations

Reference table

Institutions & roles

BodyRole
Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW)Implements
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)Reports/monitors
Phase IIIExam lens

Prelims angle

Overview

Prelims angle: Cause and effect relationships

Prelims angle: Multi-statement analysis

Quick revision

  • India leads global ship recycling with 35.4% share (2025).
  • Governed by the domestic Recycling of Ships Act, 2019.
  • Aligned with the Hong Kong International Convention (ratified 2019).
  • MoPSW initiatives include financial aid and Ship-breaking Credit Note Scheme.
  • Plans to nearly double Alang yard capacity to 9 million LDT.

High-confidence PYQs

Topic timeline

Environmental Law & PolicyInternational Relations

India leads world in ship recycling, captures 35.4% global share

23 Jun 2026 · India has emerged as the world leader in ship recycling, driven by policy reforms like the Recycling of Ships Act, 2019, and adherence to international standards set by the Hong Kong Convention, boosting its maritime economy and promoting sustainable practices.

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Current topic

Ship Recycling Sector & Policy in India

Practice writing on this topic

UPSC has asked 8 linked questions on Ship Recycling Sector & Policy in India in Mains. Write an answer to one — and get it evaluated.