Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
This concept is vital for UPSC as it examines the effectiveness of governance, judicial activism, legislative gaps, and the implementation of welfare policies for vulnerable groups. It is directly relevant for GS2 (Governance, Judiciary, Welfare Schemes, Vulnerable Sections).
India addresses human trafficking through a fragmented legal framework encompassing provisions in the Constitution, the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, and the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act. The Supreme Court has significantly strengthened this framework through landmark judgments, emphasizing victim protection, rehabilitation, and fast-tracked trials.