Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
UPSC frequently asks about migration patterns, their socio-economic drivers and consequences, challenges faced by migrant workers (especially in the informal sector), and the role of government policies in addressing these issues. It also relates to urbanisation, inclusive growth, and social justice.
Inter-state migration is a significant demographic phenomenon in India, driven primarily by economic opportunities in urban centers. Migrant workers often form the backbone of the informal sector, including public transport, facing unique challenges related to social integration, access to services, and vulnerability to policies that may impact their livelihoods in their adopted cities.