Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
India's high energy import dependence makes it vulnerable to global price volatility and geopolitical shocks, impacting its economy, inflation, and foreign policy. UPSC frequently asks about India's strategic vulnerabilities and measures to enhance resilience.
Energy security refers to the uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price. For India, a rapidly developing economy, ensuring energy security is critical for sustained economic growth, industrialization, and the welfare of its large population, given its high dependence on crude oil imports.