Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
UPSC frequently assesses India's foreign policy, national security challenges, border management strategies, and the geopolitical dynamics of its neighborhood, especially concerning China and Pakistan, and the role of infrastructure in these contexts.
India's Himalayan border regions, particularly Ladakh, hold immense geopolitical significance due to their strategic location bordering China and Pakistan, a history of conflicts, and ongoing military activities, making them critical for national security and foreign policy considerations.