Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
UPSC values understanding government initiatives for environmental protection, the role of various agencies (including non-traditional ones like CAPFs) in national development, and the importance of afforestation for climate change mitigation, biodiversity enhancement, and ecological balance.
Environmental conservation encompasses efforts to protect natural resources, ecosystems, and biodiversity from degradation. Afforestation, the establishment of forests on land previously devoid of tree cover, is a crucial strategy for mitigating climate change, enhancing biodiversity, preventing soil erosion, and improving air quality, aligning with national and international ecological goals.