Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
India's energy security is a critical national interest, impacting its economy, foreign policy, and strategic autonomy. UPSC often asks about India's energy mix, import dependence, and policies to achieve energy self-sufficiency and reduce vulnerability to global price fluctuations.
Energy security refers to the uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price. For India, a major energy importer, enhancing domestic production of crude oil and natural gas and building strategic reserves are critical to reduce import dependence, mitigate geopolitical risks, and ensure economic stability.