Phase IFoundation
Background
Overview
Directly impacts India's economic growth, technological self-reliance, energy security, and foreign policy. It's a key area of global competition and a driver of domestic policy (e.g., exploration, resource diplomacy).
Critical minerals are essential raw materials for modern technologies, including renewable energy, electronics, defence, and electric vehicles. Their limited availability, concentrated supply chains, and geopolitical significance make them crucial for a nation's economic security, technological sovereignty, and energy transition goals.